{"id":395728,"date":"2025-10-20T13:49:26","date_gmt":"2025-10-20T11:49:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/optim.studio\/molar\/?p=395728"},"modified":"2026-05-29T08:20:55","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T06:20:55","slug":"el-boom-de-la-mineria","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/elmolarturisme.cat\/en\/el-boom-de-la-mineria\/","title":{"rendered":"El boom de la mineria"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"et_pb_section_0 et_pb_section et_section_regular et_flex_section\"><div class=\"et_pb_row_0 et_pb_row et_flex_row\"><div class=\"et_pb_column_0 et_pb_column et-last-child et_flex_column et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough et_flex_column_24_24 et_flex_column_24_24_tablet et_flex_column_24_24_phone\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_0 et_pb_text et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_module et_flex_module\"><div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><!-- wp:heading --><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les mines<\/h2>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>El terme del Molar \u00e9s ric en minerals i aix\u00f2 va dur, ja des de finals del segle XIX fins a finals del segle XX, a una explotaci\u00f3 a nivell industrial d\u2019aquestes riqueses, especialment la galena (mineral de plom).<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Actualment, aquestes ind\u00fastries que es van anar establint, des de petites exportacions de caire familiar a ind\u00fastries de pes, es troben totes tancades i en estat ru\u00efn\u00f3s (quasi en la totalitat).<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>La llista d\u2019aquestes antigues mines \u00e9s llarga i il\u00b7lustra el pes que, durant uns anys, va arribar a tenir aquesta ind\u00fastria al Priorat: Mina Berta, Mina Francisca, Mina Jalapa, Mina Linda Mariquita, Mina Magran\u00e9, Mina Minerologia, Mina Raimunda, Mina Serrana i Mina Ventura.*<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>The&nbsp;<strong>Mina Raimunda<\/strong>&nbsp;(s XX) amb un pou mestre -Sant Joaquim- de m\u00e9s de 200 m i uns 7 nivells de galeries, es connectava amb la Mina Jalapa a trav\u00e9s del primer nivell de galeries, de quasi 1 km. Malgrat l\u2019estat d\u2019abandonament, encara es poden veure les estructures d\u2019acc\u00e9s al pou de la mina, magatzems, oficines i les instal\u00b7lacions d\u2019extracci\u00f3 de l\u2019aigua (que van estar en funcionament fins anys m\u00e9s tard de la parada en l\u2019extracci\u00f3 de mineral).<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>The&nbsp;<strong>Mina Minerologia&nbsp;<\/strong>(s XX), que encara es trobava en explotaci\u00f3 a la d\u00e8cada de 1990, t\u00e9 una gran extensi\u00f3 d\u2019edificis encara dempeus. El pas del temps i els espolis no perdonen, el castellet va desapar\u00e8ixer l\u2019any 2013 i els altres edificis (i els objectes que contenen) es van deteriorant de manera inexorable. <a href=\"https:\/\/gr-mulhacen.foroactivo.com\/t626-mina-mineralogia-el-molar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Segons la documentaci\u00f3 de la pr\u00f2pia mina<\/a>, l\u2019any 1992 s\u2019autoritza la paralitzaci\u00f3 temporal de l\u2019activitat minera i \u00e9s el moment en qu\u00e8, finalment, deixa de funcionar.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>The&nbsp;<strong>Mina Ventura<\/strong>&nbsp;(s XX) conserva, \u00fanicament, part dels edificis en ru\u00efnes, envoltats de les escombreres de la mina. Malgrat que el pou principal tenia una escala de caragol, per a accedir a les galeries, avui dia \u00e9s quasi inexistent.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>No totes les mines del Molar explotaven la galena, la&nbsp;<strong>Mina Serrana&nbsp;<\/strong>era una mina dedicada a l\u2019extracci\u00f3 de mangan\u00e8s (element qu\u00edmic, es troba a la taula peri\u00f2dica com a&nbsp;<em>Mg \u2013 nombre at\u00f2mic 25<\/em>), en forma de manganita i pirolusita, entre d\u2019altres. Aquesta mina t\u00e9 dos noms ja que la part superior de l\u2019explotaci\u00f3 es coneixia com Mina (La) Serrana, mentre que la inferior, m\u00e9s propera al Riu Siurana, rebia el nom de&nbsp;<strong>Mina de Mangan\u00e8s<\/strong>. Actualment, una part del celler Clos Berenguer est\u00e0 constru\u00efda sobre la mina, fins a tal punt que s\u2019aprofita un dels antics accessos per a la bodega.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>I m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de la mineria de caire industrial, al terme del Molar existien petites explotacions de minerals amb diversos usos com les explotacions de&nbsp;<strong>Sab\u00f3 de Sastre<\/strong>, unes argiles de tonalitat verdosa, formades per una combinaci\u00f3 de calcita, guix, caolinita i saponita. Aquest material, com indica el nom, l\u2019usaven els sastres per a marcar els patrons de tall a la roba.&nbsp;O, tamb\u00e9, la pedra calc\u00e0ria i sorrenca, de coloraci\u00f3 rogenca, amb el seu \u00fas com a&nbsp;<strong>pedra d\u2019esmolar<\/strong>, que es troba repartida per tot el terme, usada en els edificis i que \u00e9s l\u2019element que dona nom al poble del Molar.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"id\":395730,\"width\":\"170px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"sizeSlug\":\"full\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\",\"align\":\"center\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-opt-id=143203379  fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"188\" height=\"140\" src=\"https:\/\/mlryl260qugt.i.optimole.com\/cb:jpCS.f5\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/elmolarturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/boom-mineria.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-395730\" style=\"width:170px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mlryl260qugt.i.optimole.com\/cb:jpCS.f5\/w:188\/h:140\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/elmolarturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/boom-mineria.png 188w, https:\/\/mlryl260qugt.i.optimole.com\/cb:jpCS.f5\/w:16\/h:12\/q:mauto\/f:best\/dpr:2\/https:\/\/elmolarturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/boom-mineria.png 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 188px) 100vw, 188px\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph {\"align\":\"center\"} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">En un pl\u00e0nol que data de 1920 el llistat de mines del Molar \u00e9s el seg\u00fcent:<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"id\":395755,\"width\":\"522px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\",\"align\":\"center\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img data-opt-id=991356547  fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"503\" src=\"https:\/\/mlryl260qugt.i.optimole.com\/cb:jpCS.f5\/w:1024\/h:503\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/elmolarturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/taulaminesmolar1920.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-395755\" style=\"width:522px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mlryl260qugt.i.optimole.com\/cb:jpCS.f5\/w:1024\/h:503\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/elmolarturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/taulaminesmolar1920.png 1024w, https:\/\/mlryl260qugt.i.optimole.com\/cb:jpCS.f5\/w:980\/h:482\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/elmolarturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/taulaminesmolar1920.png 980w, https:\/\/mlryl260qugt.i.optimole.com\/cb:jpCS.f5\/w:480\/h:236\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/elmolarturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/taulaminesmolar1920.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>\u00c9s aquesta llista el que ens permet entendre fins a quin punt va arribar a ser rellevant la mineria en la societat molarenca del segle XX<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>* Segons: Els Minerals de Catalunya. Josep M. Mata i Perell\u00f3. Instituci\u00f3 Catalana d'Hist\u00f2ria Natural. Barcelona 1990. P\u00e0gs.131,132.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>Maria Garcia Barber\u00e0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>Fotografies cortesia de: Joan Mauri Serres; Arxiu fotogr\u00e0fic El Molar; Maria Jes\u00fas \u00c1lvarez<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"id\":395758,\"width\":\"680px\",\"height\":\"auto\",\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\",\"align\":\"center\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img data-opt-id=1407927194  data-opt-src=\"https:\/\/mlryl260qugt.i.optimole.com\/cb:jpCS.f5\/w:1024\/h:707\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/elmolarturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/mina_ventura.png\"  decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"707\" src=\"data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%201024%20707%22%20width%3D%221024%22%20height%3D%22707%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%221024%22%20height%3D%22707%22%20fill%3D%22transparent%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-395758\" style=\"width:680px;height:auto\" old-srcset=\"https:\/\/mlryl260qugt.i.optimole.com\/cb:jpCS.f5\/w:1024\/h:707\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/elmolarturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/mina_ventura.png 1024w, https:\/\/mlryl260qugt.i.optimole.com\/cb:jpCS.f5\/w:980\/h:677\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/elmolarturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/mina_ventura.png 980w, https:\/\/mlryl260qugt.i.optimole.com\/cb:jpCS.f5\/w:480\/h:332\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/elmolarturisme.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/mina_ventura.png 480w\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":395729,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-395728","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-explotacio-i-comerc-del-plom"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>El boom de la mineria - Ajuntament del Molar<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El boom de la mineria. 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